![]() ![]() Unity power factor circuit doesn’t use any reactive power, it’s considered as a perfect power factor.Ġ5. In the case of leading power factor reactive component will be negative, whereas in the case of lagging power factor the reactive component will be positive. The leading power factor can be corrected by the addition of inductive loads, whereas the lagging power factor can be corrected by the addition of capacitive loads.Ġ4. In the leading power factor circuit, the phase angle of current is positive with respect to voltage, whereas in lagging power factor circuit the phase angle of current is negative with respect to voltage.Ġ3. Unity power factor can get when voltage and current are in phase with each other.Ġ2. The lagging power factor can be attained when the current lags the voltage in the purely inductive circuit we can get lagging power factor. The leading power factor can be attained when the current leads voltage that is in the pure capacity circuit. The circuit with a lagging power factor consumes more power.Ġ1. So there will be some angle in between current and voltage. The current starts to flow after voltage. In the above waveform, both current and voltage are changing at different times. Let’s look at the waveform as I have shown below, That’s why the power factor in the inductive load will be lagging in nature. We know that in the purely inductive circuit current lags with the voltage by angle 90°. The leading power factor will improve voltage regulation, and it causes less power consumption by the load.Ĭonsider this circuit with a purely inductive load. This is referred to us the leading power factor. In the waveform, the current I encounters the zero crossings of the axis a little bit earlier than that of voltage. So we can get leading power factors in the case of a purely capacitive circuit. As I mentioned above in the case of capacitive load the current leads the voltage by 90°. So there will be some angle in between voltage and current, this angle is nothing but power factor angle. In the above waveform, the current and voltage are changing at different times. We can also get leading power factors in the combination with resistive capacitive loads in the circuit.Ĭonsider the wave forms as I shown below, Because the pure capacity load current leads the voltage by angle 90°. The leading power factor can be achieved by using the capacity load in the circuit. As we know the power factor is the cosine of the angle between voltage and current, therefore, Cos0=1 in the pure resistor circuit, the power factor will be unity. In the above waveform both voltage and current changes simultaneously that’s why the angle between voltage and current will be O. We know that in the pure resistive load the voltage and current are in phase with each other. Let’s understand about power factor cases by taking circuit diagrams.Ĭonsider a purely resistive load that will be connected to the voltage source. Note: We get the power factor only in AC circuits but not in DC circuits as frequency zero there is no power factor. Reactive power – The power which will be used to exchange electrical and magnetic fields in the circuit is called reactive power.Īpparent power – The vector sum of true power and the reactive power is called apparent power. ![]() This will be the fraction of the total power that is being supplied to the particular device. ![]() True power – The power which will be utilized to do some useful work is called true power. Or it can be also defined as the ratio of true power to the total power or apparent power. The power factor is the cosine of the angle between voltage and current in AC circuits.
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